Digg It - Internet and Businesses Online

In 1993, MIT student Matthew Gray created what is considered the first robot, called World Wide Web Wanderer. It was initially used for counting Web servers to measure the size of the Web. The Wanderer ran monthly f

According to USFDA, a combination product is one composed of any combination of a drug and device; biological product and device; drug and biological product

rom 1993 to 1995. Later, it was used to obtain URLs, forming the first database of Web sites called Wandex.

According to The Web Robots FAQ, "A robot is a program that automatically traverses the Web's hypertext st

; or drug, device, and biological product and fixed dose combination would include two or more combinations of drug.

Examples of combination products may in

ructure by retrieving a document, and recursively retrieving all documents that are referenced. Web robots are sometimes referred to as web wanderers, web crawlers, or spiders. These names are a bit misleading as th

lude drug-coated devices, drugs packaged with delivery devices in medical kits, and drugs and devices packaged separately but intended to be used together.

y give the impression the software itself moves between sites like a virus; this not the case, a robot simply visits sites by requesting documents from them."

Initially, the robots created a bit of controversy as t

here is enormous increase in the number of combination products entering the market in the recent years. Combination products have proven advantages but fixe

hey used large amounts of bandwidth, sometimes causing the servers to crash. The newer robots have been tweaked and are now used for building most search engine indexes.

In 1993, Martijn Koster created ALIWEB (Arch

d dose combinations are still in the process of convincing regulatory authority on their advantages over the single ingredient formulations.

Combination pro

e-Like Indexing of the Web). ALIWEB allowed users to submit their own pages to be indexed. According to Koster, "ALIWEB was a search engine based on automated meta-data collection, for the Web."

Enter the Accountan

ucts have become life saving products for the pharmaceutical companies who doesn’t have many innovative molecules in their product pipeline and have been inc

ts

Eventually, as it seemed that the Web might be profitable, investors started to get involved and search engines became big business.

Excite was introduced in 1993 by six Stanford University students. It used st

easingly used in the product life cycle management. Even the companies having product patents are trying to extend their product life cycle through the combi

atistical analysis of word relationships to aid in the search process. Within a year, Excite was incorporated and went online in December 1995. Today it's a part of the AskJeeves company.

EINet Galaxy (Galaxy) was

nation products and maximize the revenues. But the companies involved in this practice are overlooking that they are burdening the patients both economically

stablished in 1994 as part of the MCC Research Consortium at the University of Texas, in Austin. It was eventually purchased from the University and, after being transferred through several companies, is a separate

and physically. They need to rightly judge the benefits of the combination products and they have to even look at the risks involved when combining the produ

corporation today. It was created as a directory, containing Gopher and telnet search features in addition to its Web search feature.

Jerry Yang and David Filo created Yahoo in 1994. It started out as a listing of

ts. Some of the combination products were well accepted by physicians while others suffered. Companies involved in development of combination products are fi

heir favorite Web sites. What made it different was that each entry, in addition to the URL, also had a description of the page. Within a year the two received funding and Yahoo, the corporation, was created.

Later

ding difficulty in defining their combination products and facing various challenges from selecting a combination to marketing it.

Following aspects would a

in 1994, WebCrawler was introduced. It was the first full-text search engine on the Internet; the entire text of each page was indexed for the first time.

Lycos introduced relevance retrieval, prefix matching, and

dd to the challenges in developing combination products:

Which markets to tap where the combination products can do fairly well?
Which combination prod

word proximity in 1994. It was a large search engine, indexing over 60 million documents in 1996; the largest of any search engine at the time. Like many of the other search engines, Lycos was created in a universi

cts are meaningful and rational?
Which therapeutic categories to select?
Which Combinations can address unmet needs of the patients?
Do combin

y atmosphere at Carnegie Mellon University by Dr. Michael Mauldin.

Infoseek went online in 1995. It didn't really bring anything new to the search engine scene. It is now owned by the Walt Disney Internet Group and

tions increase the patient compliance?
What would be the developing cost?
How to tackle the risks encountered during combination product developmen

the domain forwards to Go.com.

Alta Vista also began in 1995. It was the first search engine to allow natural language inquires and advanced searching techniques. It also provides a multimedia search for photos, m

t?

As combination products don't fit into the traditional categories of drugs, medical devices, or biological products, the USFDA is in the process of devel

sic, and videos.

Inktomi started in 1996 at UC Berkeley. In June of 1999 Inktomi introduced a directory search engine powered by "concept induction" technology. "Concept induction," according to the company, "takes

ping new procedures for reviewing their safety, efficacy and quality.

Professional from academic institutions, pharmaceutical industries, health care indust

the experience of human analysis and applies the same habits to a computerized analysis of links, usage, and other patterns to determine which sites are most popular and the most productive." Inktomi was purchased

y and representatives from various regulatory agencies are working out to design the regulatory requirements for manufacture and sale of combination products

by Yahoo in 2003.

AskJeeves and Northern Light were both launched in 1997.

Google was launched in 1997 by Sergey Brin and Larry Page as part of a research project at Stanford University. It uses inbound links to r

.

As there is an increasing trend of the combination products companies manufacturing such products should be able to tackle the problems involved in the de

nk sites. In 1998 MSN Search and the Open Directory were also started. The Open Directory, according to its Web site, "is the largest, most comprehensive human-edited directory of the Web. It is constructed and main

elopment. They need to be wiser in analyzing the market trends and the regulatory requirements.

Companies that provide selfless information through particip

tained by a vast, global community of volunteer editors." It seeks to become the "definitive catalog of the Web." The entire directory is maintained by human input.www.SubmizSEO.com Search Engine Management Solution

tion in industry events and feedback to regulatory authorities would be able to face the challenges and will be successful in developing combination products

HTTP = HTML link (for blogs, profiles,phorums):
<a href="http://www.diggit.org.ua/article/77418/diggit-A-Brief-History-of-Search-Engines.html">A Brief History of Search Engines</a>

BB link (for phorums):
[url=http://www.diggit.org.ua/article/77418/diggit-A-Brief-History-of-Search-Engines.html]A Brief History of Search Engines[/url]

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