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Digg It - Photoshop Layers Tutorials
Layers are a powerful feature of Photoshop that allow you to work on one part of an image without disturbing the r
According to USFDA, a combination product is one composed of any combination of a drug and device; biological product and device; drug and biological product
est of it. While the concept of layers may seem intimidating at first, once you get the hang of using layers you’l
; or drug, device, and biological product and fixed dose combination would include two or more combinations of drug.
Examples of combination products may in
Examples of combination products may in
wonder how you ever survived without them!
The transparent parts of any layer, shown by the checkered grid, allo
The transparent parts of any layer, shown by the checkered grid, allo
lude drug-coated devices, drugs packaged with delivery devices in medical kits, and drugs and devices packaged separately but intended to be used together.
w the layers beneath that layer to show through. You can show and hide each layer in an image by clicking on its c
here is enormous increase in the number of combination products entering the market in the recent years. Combination products have proven advantages but fixe
rresponding eye icon in the Layers palette.
To organize your layers, you can arrange them into layer groups by go
To organize your layers, you can arrange them into layer groups by go
d dose combinations are still in the process of convincing regulatory authority on their advantages over the single ingredient formulations.
Combination pro
Combination pro
ing to Layer > New > Group…. Each layer group displays in the same way as any ungrouped layers on the Layers palet
ucts have become life saving products for the pharmaceutical companies who doesn’t have many innovative molecules in their product pipeline and have been inc
e. A layer group is signified by a folder icon. You can collapse or expand layer groups by clicking on the triangl
easingly used in the product life cycle management. Even the companies having product patents are trying to extend their product life cycle through the combi
e to the left of the folder icon, and nest layer groups within each other by dragging one folder icon into another
nation products and maximize the revenues. But the companies involved in this practice are overlooking that they are burdening the patients both economically
Here are 10 quick Layer Shortcuts.
1 - Rename layers by double-clicking on the layer name.
2 - Select a layer
and physically. They need to rightly judge the benefits of the combination products and they have to even look at the risks involved when combining the produ
by using the keyboard shortcuts Alt-[ and Alt-] (Option-[ and Option-] on a Mac).
3 - Merge a layer into the one
3 - Merge a layer into the one
ts. Some of the combination products were well accepted by physicians while others suffered. Companies involved in development of combination products are fi
eneath it by pressing Ctrl- E (Command-E). If you have selected layers, this shortcut
will merge those selected l
ding difficulty in defining their combination products and facing various challenges from selecting a combination to marketing it.
Following aspects would a
Following aspects would a
yers together.
4 - Change the transparency of a layer by changing its opacity with the Opacity slider, or typing
4 - Change the transparency of a layer by changing its opacity with the Opacity slider, or typing
dd to the challenges in developing combination products:
Which markets to tap where the combination products can do fairly well?
Which combination prod
Which markets to tap where the combination products can do fairly well?
Which combination prod
a value into the
Opacity box (which is visible when you have the Selection, Move, or Crop tools selected).
5 - D
5 - D
cts are meaningful and rational?
Which therapeutic categories to select?
Which Combinations can address unmet needs of the patients?
Do combin
Which therapeutic categories to select?
Which Combinations can address unmet needs of the patients?
Do combin
plicate a selected layer by pressing Ctrl-J (Command-J on a Mac). You can also duplicate a layer by dragging it
w
tions increase the patient compliance?
What would be the developing cost?
How to tackle the risks encountered during combination product developmen
What would be the developing cost?
How to tackle the risks encountered during combination product developmen
hile pressing the Alt (Option) key.
6 - Select multiple layers by holding down Ctrl (Command on a Mac) and clicki
6 - Select multiple layers by holding down Ctrl (Command on a Mac) and clicki
t?
As combination products don't fit into the traditional categories of drugs, medical devices, or biological products, the USFDA is in the process of devel
As combination products don't fit into the traditional categories of drugs, medical devices, or biological products, the USFDA is in the process of devel
g the layer names. This forms a temporary link between the selected layers that allows you to move them as one uni
ping new procedures for reviewing their safety, efficacy and quality.
Professional from academic institutions, pharmaceutical industries, health care indust
Professional from academic institutions, pharmaceutical industries, health care indust
t, delete them all, and so on.
7 - You can also link layers together. Select layers by clicking on them while hol
7 - You can also link layers together. Select layers by clicking on them while hol
y and representatives from various regulatory agencies are working out to design the regulatory requirements for manufacture and sale of combination products
ing down Shift or Ctrl (Command
on a Mac).
8 - To unlink all the layers, select one of the linked layers and go
8 - To unlink all the layers, select one of the linked layers and go
.
As there is an increasing trend of the combination products companies manufacturing such products should be able to tackle the problems involved in the de
As there is an increasing trend of the combination products companies manufacturing such products should be able to tackle the problems involved in the de
to Layer > Unlink Layers.
9 - To temporarily unlink a layer, hold down Shift and click on its link icon (a red “X
9 - To temporarily unlink a layer, hold down Shift and click on its link icon (a red “X
elopment. They need to be wiser in analyzing the market trends and the regulatory requirements.
Companies that provide selfless information through particip
Companies that provide selfless information through particip
will appear over the link icon).
10 - Reactivate the link by holding down Shift and clicking the link icon again
10 - Reactivate the link by holding down Shift and clicking the link icon again
tion in industry events and feedback to regulatory authorities would be able to face the challenges and will be successful in developing combination products
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